This means that in just seven hours one bacterium can generate 2,097,152 bacteria. When conditions are favourable such as the right temperature and nutrients are available, some bacteria like Escherichia coli can divide every 20 minutes. Each daughter cell is a clone of the parent cell. The bacterial cell then elongates and splits into two daughter cells each with identical DNA to the parent cell. Binary fission begins when the DNA of the bacterium divides into two (replicates). In this process the bacterium, which is a single cell, divides into two identical daughter cells. Most bacteria reproduce by binary fission. © gaetan stoffel / iStockģD illustration of Escherichia coli How do bacteria reproduce? Relatively few bacteria are parasites or pathogens that cause disease in animals and plants. Some types cause food spoilage and crop damage but others are incredibly useful in the production of fermented foods such as yoghurt and soy sauce. Some bacteria live in the soil or on dead plant matter where they play an important role in the cycling of nutrients. A lot of these bacterial cells are found lining the digestive system. There are approximately 10 times as many bacterial cells as human cells in the human body. Some live in or on other organisms including plants and animals including humans. © ttsz / iStockīacteria are found in every habitat on Earth: soil, rock, oceans and even arctic snow. They can exist as single cells, in pairs, chains or clusters. For example it may contain a gene that makes the bacterium resistant to a certain antibiotic.īacteria are classified into five groups according to their basic shapes: spherical (cocci), rod (bacilli), spiral (spirilla), comma (vibrios) or corkscrew (spirochaetes). The plasmid often contains genes that give the bacterium some advantage over other bacteria. Some bacteria have an extra circle of genetic material called a plasmid rather than a nucleus. Their control centre, containing the genetic information, is contained in a single loop of DNA. Multiple Fission is found in number of organisms like algae among plants, plasmodium Malaria parasites, Amoeba and monocystis.ĭuring Multiple Fission nucleus of parent divides repeated amitosis into many nuclei, each nucleus takes a bit of cytoplasm and form a daughter cells, some cytoplasm of parental body remain and used and it is residual body.Bacteria are microbes with a cell structure simpler than that of many other organisms. Multiple Fission definition is:- it is that type of asexual mode of reproduction in which the parental body divides into many daughter cells simultaneously during the unfavourable condition to increase the chances of survival of daughter cells, in this reproductive unit is whole parental body. On the basis of plane of cytokinesis the binary fission of three types:- 1)simple binary fission ,2)longitudinal binary fission and 3)transverse binary fission.ġ) simple binary fission:- here cytokinesis may takes place along any plane but its plane is always perpendicular to that of karyokinesis, irregular or simple binary fission seen in amoeba, so nothing is left with parental Amoeba is completely divides into two daughter cell so it is Immortal as it suffers no natural death.Ģ) longitudinal binary fission:- here cytokinesis takes place along the longitudinal Axis for example flagellates like Euglenaģ) transverse binary fission:- here to cytokinesis takes place along transverse Axis for example in ciliated Protozoa like Paramecium. In binary fission the karyokinesis that is division of nucleus is followed by cytokinesis so nothing is left which parent body, daughter cells feed, grow and repeat the process, the organism undergoing binary fission are called Immortal as after binary fission nothing is left with parental body so there is no natural death. Differences between binary and Multiple Fission
0 Comments
Leave a Reply. |